ADHD vs. Autism: Understanding the Overlap and the Differences

Why the Two Conditions Are Often Confused

ADHD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) share many surface-level similarities: sensory sensitivities, difficulties with social dynamics, and executive dysfunction. This overlap often leads to confusion, especially in adults seeking late diagnoses.

Key Differences Between ADHD and Autism

Social Communication

Autistic individuals may struggle with nonverbal cues, reciprocal conversation, or understanding social rules. ADHD may cause social difficulties due to impulsivity or distractibility, but not due to core social processing differences.

Cognitive Flexibility

Autism often involves a need for sameness and routine. ADHD is typically marked by a preference for novelty and a lower tolerance for boredom.

Special Interests vs. Novelty-Seeking

Autistic people may have deep, focused interests that provide comfort. ADHD often involves shifting fascinations and trouble sustaining interest over time.

Can Someone Have Both ADHD and Autism?

Absolutely. Co-occurrence is common. People can experience both conditions, which can compound challenges but also offer unique strengths.

Why a Comprehensive Evaluation Is Crucial

Distinguishing between ADHD, autism, or both requires a nuanced assessment. A brief screening won't catch the depth needed to fully understand what's going on. Misdiagnosis can delay effective interventions.

How Restore Psychology Approaches Differential Diagnosis

We take a holistic, strengths-based approach—examining the full picture, not just checklists. Our evaluations consider history, functioning across environments, and the nuances of neurodivergence. We believe clarity leads to confidence.